The mode of billboard at Padang City: Linguistics landscape
Keywords:
Language, Linguistic Landscape, Mode, Meaning, SemanticAbstract
This research analyzes the meaning of modes on billboards based on the linguistic landscape in Padang City, Indonesia. The analysis of signs is based on a combination of the main theories of Linguistic Landscape (LL) by Landry and Bourhis and Kress's theory of sign modes. The analysis of the meaning of billboard signs uses the theory of meaning by Leech and the theory of color by Cerrato. The primary data source is public signs found on main roads and protocol roads in the city of Padang. This research uses primary data, in the form of all billboards, found on main roads in Padang, West Sumatra. The data collection method used is non-participant observation. The data collection technique used is the documentation technique by taking photographs (or called photographic techniques). The data analysis method used is an inductive qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study found that billboards use three modes of signs, namely: text mode, image mode, and color mode. One billboard sign contains two meanings, namely: denotative meaning and connotative meaning.
References
Abutalebi, J., & Green, D. (2007). Bilingual language production: The neurocognition of language representation and control. Journal of neurolinguistics, 20(3), 242-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroling.2006.10.003
Ben-Rafael, E., Shohamy, E., Hasan Amara, M., & Trumper-Hecht, N. (2006). Linguistic landscape as symbolic construction of the public space: The case of Israel. International journal of multilingualism, 3(1), 7-30.
Gorter, D. (2018). Linguistic landscapes and trends in the study of schoolscapes. Linguistics and Education, 44, 80-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2017.10.001
Gorter, D. (Ed.). (2006). Linguistic landscape: A new approach to multilingualism. Multilingual Matters.
Jackson, E. L. (1988). Leisure constraints: A survey of past research. Leisure sciences, 10(3), 203-215.
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International.
Kress, G. (2000). Multimodality. Multiliteracies: Literacy learning and the design of social futures. B. Cope and M. Kalantzis.
Kress, G. (2009). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. routledge.
Kress, G. R., & Van Leeuwen, T. (2001). Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication. (No Title).
Landry, R., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1997). Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study. Journal of language and social psychology, 16(1), 23-49.
Leech, G. (2000). Grammars of spoken English: New outcomes of corpus‐oriented research. Language learning, 50(4), 675-724.
Puzey, G. (2016). Linguistic landscapes.
Scollon, R., & Scollon, S. W. (2003). Discourses in place: Language in the material world. Routledge.
Vinagre, M. (2022). Engaging with difference: Integrating the linguistic landscape in virtual exchange. System, 105, 102750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102750
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 Melati Theresia, Ketut Artawa, I Wayan Mulyawan, I Wayan Simpen

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


